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Debridement

Debridement choice should take into consideration the patient’s circumstances and wellbeing, practitioner expertise and available resources. Options available include:

  • Autolytic: Dressings that optimise a moist wound environment and aid autolysis to break down non-viable tissue. Selective and easy, but can be slow and increase the risk of infection1
  • Sharp: Scissors, forceps or a scalpel can provide fast and selective debridement, but require the appropriate level of skill and knowledge1
  • Surgical: Carried out in the operating theatre, often by a surgeon, involving complete debridement of the wound bed down to healthy, viable tissue through instant removal of all dead tissue. It may occasionally cause a larger wound due sacrificed viable tissue, and often requires anaesthetic and continued analgesia1
  • Larval: The use of maggots to kill bacteria and promote fibroblast growth.1 Biological debridement can be quick and selective, but potentially costly and is not readily accepted by all patients1
  • Hydrosurgery: Delivers pressurised saline as a cutting tool for quick, selective debridement with minimal loss of viable tissue. Although not necessarily carried out in theatre,* hydrosurgery may require anaesthetic to manage patient pain1,5-6
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Assess the wound to identify the right treatment or intervention

Citations
  1. Atkin L. British Journal of Nursing, 2014; 23, pp. S10-5.
  2. Wilcox JR, et al. JAMA Dermatol 149(9).

  3. Grothier L. British Journal Of Community Nursing, 20, Sup9, pp. S25-31.
  4. European Wound Management Association (EWMA). Position Document: Wound Bed Preparation in Practice. London: MEP Ltd, 2004.
  5. Granick MS, et al. “Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a high-powered parallel waterjet for wound debridement”, Wound Repair And Regeneration, 2006, 14, 394-397.
  6. Madhok BM, et al. Int Wound J, 2013; 10: 247–251.

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